Causes of dementia
1. Diseases where dementia is the only abnormality; Vitobrain Review Alzheimer's disease and Pick's disease.
2. Diseases where dementia is a part of other systemic disorders e.g, Hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, Nutritional neuropathies-Pellegra, Wenicke-Korsakoff's syndrome, and Pernicious anemia, Neurosyphilis and Wilson's disease.
3. Diseases where dementia is associated with other neurological signs. e.g, Huntington's chorea, Schilder's disease, Lipid storage disease, Myoclonic epilepsy, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Multiple cerebrovascular infarctions, Brain tumor, Subdural hematoma, Normal pressure hydrocephalus or obstructive hydrocephalus.
Alzheimer's disease: This usually occurs in the late fifties. The onset of mental symptoms is so insidious that neither the family not the patient can date its beginning. Day-to-day activities are forgotten and appointments not kept. The speech becomes discontinuous due to failure to recall the needed word. Simple calculations cannot be done. Visual-spatial disorientation soon sets in. The patient gets lost even along familiar routes. He forgets the use of common objects and tools. Later, social behavior becomes changed. Stable marriages may be disrupted by sexual indiscretion. Difficulty in walking, with features of Parkinsonism and cerebellar ataxia appear. The leg may finally curl into paraplegia in flexion. Death occurs within a period of five or more years from the start.
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